Three (3) major types of volcanoes

	shield volcano mostly fluid basalt lava with gentle slopes found in Hawaii large area with frequent lava flows
	cinder cones mostly made of pyroclastics and fine cinders small with little flow but explosive chunks
	composite cones - mix of lava & ash also known as "strato" volcanoes moderate size; explosive eruptions

Composite volcanoes - most explosive and associated convergent plate boundaries

• Famous composite volcanoes
  • Mt. Fuji, St. Helens, Ranier, Shasta, "Popo", Cotopaxi, Kilimanjaro
    
    
• nue’es ardentes or "glowing clouds"; known as pyroclastic flows
  • avalance of ash bouyed by hot gases
  • 1000 F & over 100 mi. / hr speeds
    
    
    • Mt Vesuvius (Italy) killed 20,000 in Pompeii (during Roman times)
      • entire town of Saint-Pierre (1902) wiped out
    • Mt St. Helen, WA (1980)
      
      
• Caldera - explodes and collapes
  • Crater Lake, OR
    
    
• Plug domes - extremely viscous lava flows
  • Mt. Lassen, CA
    
    
• Other features - volcanic fissures and lahars, spatter cones, and small events
  • In-class Volcano Exercise

Landform remnants - hard rock resists erosion

• Volcanic neck
• steep landforms, often with spikes
  • Devil's Tower
    
    
    
• Volcanic plateau and buttes
  • Butte County, CA